New Research Suggests Moon Has a Molten Layer Beneath Its Surface

Recent research suggests that the moon may have a molten layer of rock deep within its interior. This new evidence is based on how the moon reacts to the gravitational pull of Earth and the sun. The findings strengthen the hypothesis that a hidden, molten layer lies between the moon’s core and its solid exterior.

Just as Earth experiences tidal forces that affect its oceans, gravity causes the moon to undergo similar changes. These tidal forces, though subtle, lead to shifts in the moon’s shape and gravity. Unlike Earth, the moon lacks oceans, so its tidal effects are less visible. However, the moon’s response to these forces depends heavily on its internal structure. Studying these responses can reveal important details about what lies beneath the moon’s surface.

Collecting New Data

Previous efforts to measure the moon’s tidal changes only spanned one month. However, in a new study, researchers extended this timeframe to a full year. They used data from NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to track the moon’s shape and gravity changes over time.

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By analyzing both the monthly and yearly distortions in the moon’s structure, researchers gained more insight into the moon’s interior. Combining this data with information like the moon’s average density, scientists simulated the nature of its internal layers. The results pointed toward the presence of a molten layer beneath the moon’s mantle.

A Viscous Layer Deep Within the Moon

The research team found that incorporating a softer, molten layer at the base of the moon’s mantle made it easier to match the gravity measurements they observed. This discovery strongly supports the idea that a viscous, molten layer exists deep inside the moon. Although researchers have speculated about this molten layer, it had been a subject of debate until now.

What is the Molten Layer Made Of?

Scientists suspect that this molten layer could be composed of a titanium-rich material known as ilmenite. However, much remains unknown. One key question is what keeps this layer warm and molten. The heat source powering this layer is still a mystery, and further research is needed to confirm the composition and the mechanisms at play.

Further Research Required

While this study has provided exciting new insights into the moon’s internal structure, many questions remain. Researchers need to investigate further to determine exactly what this molten layer is made of and how it continues to generate heat. Future missions and experiments will help scientists unlock more secrets about the moon’s hidden layers.

This new evidence brings researchers closer to understanding the moon’s internal composition, shedding light on a possible molten layer that could play a critical role in its geological history.

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